ASP.NET PDF Viewer using C#, VB/NET

This method works by iterating through our string, examining each character and checking to see whether it should be trimmed. If so, then we increment the start position by one character, and check the next one, until we hit a character that should not be trimmed, or the end of the string. We then do the same thing starting from the end of the string, and reversing character by character until we reach the start point.

If you wanted to write the equivalent of TrimStart or TrimEnd you would just optionally leave out the end or start checking, respectively.

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Finally, we create our new output string, by using the Substring method we looked at earlier. Notice how we ve avoided creating strings unnecessarily; we don t build up the results as we go along, and we don t create new strings in the no change and empty cases. (We could have written a much shorter function if we weren t worried about this: inputString.Trim().Trim(characters) would have done the whole job! However, with two calls to Trim, we end up generating two new strings instead of one. You d need to measure your code s performance in realistic test scenarios to find out whether the more complex code in Example 10-79 is worth the effort. We re showing it mainly to illustrate how to dig around inside a string.) The interesting new bit of code, though, is that char.IsWhitespace method.

Qt s classes for handling and interfacing databases can be split into three groups. The first layer is based around a set of database drivers, which make it possible to access different types of database servers using Qt. The second layer handles connections to databases, queries, and their results, as well as error messages from the database servers. This layer is based on the driver layer because a driver is required to connect to a database. The third layer, which is called the user interface layer, offers a set of models for use with Qt s model view framework.

We re generally familiar with the idea that characters might be numbers, letters, whitespace, or punctuation. This is formalized in the .NET Framework, and char provides us with a bunch of static helper functions to do the categorization for us. Several are fairly self-explanatory:

There are also a couple of useful items for testing whether a character is upper- or lowercase:

Then there are a few less intuitively obvious items:

n 1 you were introduced to the methodology of using Ajax and saw a code example on how you can use Ajax to build a web page that responds to user input asynchronously. In this chapter, you will be introduced to Atlas, Microsoft s extension to ASP.NET 2.0 that allows you to build Ajax applications more easily and manage their development, deployment, and debugging through Visual Studio 2005. ASP .NET Atlas is a package of technologies including some script libraries that get deployed to the client and that implement a number of common functions and programming features for you. You simply need to include them in your JavaScript scripts, and you are good to go. Perhaps more important, it also includes web server controls that, when used on a web page, generate HTML and JavaScript that run on the browser. Through the use of web server controls, the developer can orchestrate which JavaScript code gets delivered to the client without actually doing much hand-coding the server-side ASP.NET controls generate the HTML and JavaScript. This is one of the fundamental underpinnings of ASP .NET and is essential to understanding Atlas. In this chapter, you will learn about the entire architecture of Atlas and how it all hangs together under ASP.NET 2.0.

Caution It is recommended that you work with a test database when you are developing new software

IsNumber (you might wonder whether there was a difference between this and IsDigit ) IsSeparator, IsControl IsHighSurrogate, IsLowSurrogate

Even the self-explanatory items turn out to be a little more complicated than you might think. These categories come from Unicode, and to understand that, we need to delve a little more deeply into the way that characters are encoded.

We ve already alluded to the fact that there is some kind of encoding going on remember that we mentioned the IBM-derived Latin1 scheme when we were discussing escaped character literals Computers work with binary values, typically made up of one or more bytes, and we clearly need some kind of mapping between the binary values in these bytes and the characters we want them to represent We ve all got to agree on what the binary values mean, or we can t exchange information To that end, the American Standards Association convened a committee in the 1960s which defined (and then redefined, tweaked, and generally improved over subsequent decades) a standard called ASCII (pronounced ass -key): the American Standard Code for Information Interchange This defined 128 characters, represented using 7 bits of a byte.